Pile fabric loom



Nov. 19, 1935. E. J. DACEY PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct. 12, 1933 3Sheets-Sheet l .Z7ZWf/Z/2l" [awardJj/sve Nov. 19, 1935. E. J.'DACEY2,021,406

FILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct. 12, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 19, 1935. A E2,021,406

PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct. 12, 1953 3 Sheets- Sheet 5 [7/357- ParPatented Nov. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PILE FABRIC LOOMCrompton & Knowles Loom Works, Worcester, Mass, a corporation ofMassachusetts Application October 12, 1933, Serial No. 693,331 9 Claims.(Cl. 139-8) In my co-pending application Serial No. 693,- 332 I haveshown a tuft pile fabric having the pattern on the back and a method ofmaking it. This fabric has the tufts extended around two shots offilling which are preferably one over the other and the method involvesthe step of beating up three shots at one time. The present inventionrelates to a loom for making this fabric and one object of the inventionis to adapt an Axminster loom so that it can produce such a fabric.

The fabric has three shots of filling for each row of tufts and whenwoven on a single needle loom it is necessary to delay the completeforming of the tuft until after the laying of the second shot aroundwhich the tuft extends. The aforesaid method contemplates in part thebeating of the first of this pair of picks to an intermediate positionsomewhat behind the fell of the cloth while the tuft yarns are projecteddown through the binders.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a loom so constructedthat the alignment of the tuft forming yarns projecting from the tubeframes will be retained during the interval between dipping of the tubeframe and the final beat-up which completes the formation of the tuft.As contemplated herein, a short beat of the lay followed by a rearwardstroke will fall in this interval and the aligning mechanism, which maybe similar to that shown in co-pending application Serial No. 575,190,will be given a rearward motion additional to that set for the lastnamed application for the purpose of preserving this alignment until thelay has a full beat-up stroke. So far as the present invention isconcerned, however, I do not wish to be limited to this particular meansof preserving the tuft alignment with the reed spaces.

Where guide plates as just described are used it is desirable that theybe so controlled as topreserve the alignment of tuft yarns withoutinterfering with the weft needle when the latter lays the third shot.This result can be accomplished by moving the guide plates rearwardlyfar enough to position the tuft yarns, stopping the plates before theymove into the path of the needle. With this arrangement, the reed canleave the guide plates on its backward movement, the plates dwelling intheir rear position until the reed on its forward stroke following theinsertion of the third shot approaches the plates.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, my invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein a convenient embodiment of myinvention is set forth,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a loom incorporat- 5 ing my presentinvention, certain parts being shown in section,

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, on an enlargedscale,

Fig. 3 is a detailed top plan view on an enlarged 10 scale taken in thedirection of arrow 3, Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailed view showing certain parts set forth inFig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the fabric to be woven, and 15'Figs. 6 to 11 are diagrammatic views showing the sequence of movementsof certain parts of the loom.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown a transporting chain 20 whichcarries a series of 20' tube frames one of which is shown at 2|, and asprocket 22 to advance the chain to present new tube frames. Declutchinglevers 23 one-of which is shown in Fig. 1 operate in the usual manner torelease the selected tube frame from the chain 25 and move it towardtuft forming position.

Front and back knives 24 and 25, respectively, may be operated andconstructed substantially as heretofore.

The lay 26 rocks about pivot 21 and has a frame 3 28 from which projectupwardly the reed dents 29 of reed R. The reed itself may be of usualcon.- struction although the mode of its operation is altered somewhatas set forth hereinafter.

The nose board 30 is secured to the loom frame L and has rearwardlyprojecting fingers 3| which are separated to define slots 32 into whichthe reed dents 29 may pass. Each finger may be provided with an upwardlyextending hook 33 and have behind said hook an inclined face 34 shapedapproximately as shown in Fig. 4.

A tuft cleaner 35 comprises a series of plates 36 each of which islocated so that it can move in one of the slots 32 of the nose board andbe guided thereby. These plates are carried on a bar 31 extendingtransversely of the loom and mounted on arms 38 which pivot about afixed axis 39. Links 40 connected at their upper ends to bar 31 areattached at their lower ends to arms 4| rocked about fixed axis 42 by adriving arm 43. Movement of the latter to the right as shown in Fig. 1will project the plates 36 rearwardly toward and in substantialalignment with the reed dents 29. By this arrangement guide aisles aredefined for the tuft yarns Y which project from the tube frame.

The loom is provided with a cam shaft 45 which, as set forthspecifically herein, makes one complete revolution for each three beatsof the lay. The shaft has secured thereto a lay cam plate 46 tocooperate with a lever 41 pivoted at 48, and has also fastened thereto asecond cam plate 49 to have operative relation with a lever 56 pivotedat 5| and connected by link 52 to the cleaner arm 43.

Except as mentioned hereinafter the matter thus far described may besubstantially the same as set forth in the aforesaid application, No.575,190, the tube frame presenting mechanism and the cutting devicesoperating preferably substantially as usual.

In carrying my invention into effect I provide the cam plate 45 with twolow cams 63 and 6|, respectively, and with one high cam 62. When theshaft rotates in the direction of arrow A, Fig. 1, these cams areeffective through the lever 50 to give the lay two successive shortbeats which leave the shots of filling behind the hooks 33, while thecam 62 acts to give the lay one full forward tuft forming movement toassume the position shown in Fig. l. The cams 60, 6| and 62 may beconsidered collectively as a reed actuator or reed moving means.

The second plate 49 has a cam 10 secured thereto to give the plates 36 arearward movement at the time the tube frame is dipped, this cam 10corresponding to a similar cam set forth in the aforesaid application.The plate 49, however, is provided with an additional cam H to controlthe cleaner during the third beat of the loom. It is believed that thestructure and functions of the cams can best be explained in connectionwith the mode of operation of the loom.

At the beginning of a cycle of operations, the plates 36 are in theirnormal forward position lying in the slots 32 between the fingers 3|.The needle N will lay the first pick of filling F between the binderwarps B and B when the reed is in rear position, after which the cam 60will move the lay forwardly on the first of its short beats to the fullline position shown in Fig. 6. This will lay the shot F behind thehooks, either lying against the nose board or near thereto. The lay willthen move backwardly in the usual manner and the declutching levers 23will present a tube frame 2| to tuft forming position. The yarn tubes Tand the tuft forming yarns Y projecting therefrom will pass down betweenthe binder warps to assume the position shown in Fig. 7.

While the tube frames are in their low position, the plates 36 will beprojected rearwardly by cam 10, the efiect of which is to align thecolor yarns with respect to the spaces between the plates and reeddents. The plates 36 are moved far enough to the rear to insure correctalignment of the tuft yarns, after which the tube frame is raised to theposition shown in Fig. 8.

A new shed is preferably then formed and the needle lays the second shotof filling F the reed being in rear position and plates 36 aligning thetuft yarns.

The lay will again be given a short forward beat, this time by cam 6|,to assume the position indicated in Fig. 8. During the forward movementof the reed on this second beat, the reed dents will approach plates 36,after which the latter will move forwardly close enough to the reed todefine the aforesaid'guide aisles. If as a result of the forwardmovement of the plates any of the tuft yarns should tend to bendlaterally, they will be prevented from doing so by the aligning reeddents. On this second short beat, therefore, the tuft yarns are held inalignment despite the forward motion of plates 36.

When the lay is in the forward position shown in Fig. 8 the tuft yarnsare pinched between the first and the second shots of filling and thetube frame can be raised to pull off yarn for the next tuft formingoperation. After pulling off, the knives may sever the tufts from thetube frame, leaving the parts as shown in Fig. 9. The tuft yarns are nowfree from the tube frame, but their lower ends are restrained againstimproper lateral displacement, by either the plates 36 or dents 29.

The lay will now start to move backwardly and the cam 10 is so formedthat the plates 36 will follow the reed dents, preserving the aforesaidguide aisles until the plates are far enough rearwa-rdly to exercisecontrol over the tuft yarns without the assistance of the dents. Beyondthis point the plates need not move and can be kept stationary by anappropriate dwell 13 on cam 10. It is desirable to have this separationbetween the plates and the dents so that room may be provided for. thethird movement of the needle to lay pick F When the needle is retractedfrom the shed, and while the plates 36 are held rearwar-dly by thedwell, the reed will advance until the guide aisles are againestablished by close proximity of the dents with ret-spect to theplates, after which both of these will move forwardly, passing throughthe position rhown in Fig. 10.

On this third forward movement of the lay, however, the reed dents willbe given their extreme or full beat by the large cam 62 the effect ofwhich will be to move all three shots 'of filling, together with thetuft yarns, up the inclined surfaces 34 and over the hooks 33 to assumethe position shown in Fig. 11. It is during this movement that the tuftyarn. has its lower end bent first rearwardly and then upwardly to formthe tuft as the shots of filling pass over the hooks.

It is desirable that the plates 36 remain in guiding relation withrespect to the tufts until all of the latter are located between thereed dents, after which the plates may be moved to their normal forwardposition inasmuch as their guiding function for that cycle is completed.

The mechanism set forth hereinbefore acts to produce the type of fabricshown in Fig. 5. Various forms of fabric may be made so far asmanipulation of binder and stufier warps are concerned, but as shown inFig. 5 a stuffer S lies below the shots F and F but above the shots Fthereby defining a two-plane fabric. The binders B and. B may beinterlaced with the shots of filling and define sheds with themselvesand also with the stuffer, the binder B passing over the shots F andunder the shots F and F while the binder B passes under shots F and overshots F and F When the fabric is beaten up tightly the shots F hold thetufts against the shots F I do not wish to be limited, however, to theparticular arrangement of warp threads set forth in Fig. 5.

It is to be understood that the plates 36 and the reed dents 29 are somanipulated between the dipping of the tuft yarns into the binders andthe point in the cycle at which the bottom of the tufts begin to moveupwardly along the surface 34 as to keep the said tuft yarns properlyaligned. To effect this result it may not be essential to'establishactual contact between the reed dents and the plates although closeproximity of these parts is desirable. Also, although two different camshave been described for operating the plates, yet the purpose of theinvention will be served if a single cam having surfaces similar to camsill and H will sufice. So far as certain features of my invention areconcerned the particular means of preserving alignment of the tuft yarnsset forth herein need not be necessarily employed, and it may be statedfurther that alfi though single shots have been described as being laidin succession, yet so far as certain features of my invention areconcerned the second and third shots need not necessarily be laid oneafter the other.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided means foradapting an Axminster loom so that it will weave a fabric having thetuft yarn appearing on the back and extending around two shots offilling which are preferably located one over the other. This result isachieved by beating the two shots of filling around which the tuft islooped to the fell at the same time. As set forth herein the nose boardis for the purpose of forming the tuft, but I do not wish to. be limitedto this particular way of bending the lower part of the tuft yarnsupwardly, since certain features of my invention are independent of theparticular method used for bending the tuft yarns. It will also be seenthat mechanism is provided for beating three shots of filling togetherwith the tuft yarns to the fell on the same beat of the lay.Furthermore, when the guide aisles are used as one specific mechanismfor forming the tufts devices are provided for causing them to retainthe alignment of the tuft yarns during the several back and forthmovements of the reed which follow dipping of the tube frame but precedethe full forward stroke.

Having thus described my invention it will be seen that changes andmodifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention and I do not wishto be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what I claim is:

1. In an Axminster loom operating with a tube frame having tuft yarnsextending therefrom, a reed, a nose board having hooks, means to givethe reed a short motion to beat a. shot of filling to a position behindthe nose board, means to thereafter move the tube frame to place thetuft yarns in tufting position behind said shot of filling, meansthereafter operative to give the reed a second short motion to beat asecond shot of filling to a position behind the tuft yarn while thelatter is behind the nose board, means then operative to sever the tuftyarns from the tube frame, and means operative thereafter to give thereed a lorm motion to cause the reed to beat a third shot of fillingbehind the tuft yarns, and effective thereafter to beat all of the shotsof filling and tuft yarns over the hooks on the same beat of the loom.

2. In an Axminster loom operating with warp threads to form sheds, areed, a nose board having hooks, a set of tuft forming yarns, a needleto lay three shots of filling for each cycle of the loom, means to givethe reed a short beat to move the first shot to a position behind thenose board, mechanism thereafter effective to move the tuft yarns to aposition behind the first shot, other means to give the reed a secondshort beat after the second shot is laid to place the latter behind thetuft yarns in one shed, and additional means to give the reed a longbeat after the third shot is laid in a different shed to move all threeshots {5 and the tuft yarns over the nose board at the same time, saidlong beat effective to move the tuft yarns under and behind the secondand third shots as said yarns pass over the nose board.

3. In an 'Axminster loom having warp threads, a nose board having hooks,means to lay three different shots of filling in succession, a reed,means to present tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot islaid, and means to move the reed to beat the first two shots'of fillingto positions behind the hooks, said last means operative thereafter tosimultaneously move all three shots of filling and tuft yarns to aposition in front of the hooks relatively to the nose board to bend thetuft yarns around the second and third shots.

4. In an Axminster loom having warp threads, a nose board having hooks,means to insert three successive shots of filling, a reed, means topresent tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, areed actuator to cause the reed to move the first shot to a positionbehind the hooks, means to present tuft yarns behind the first shot, thereed actuator thereafter effective through the reed to'move the secondshot of filling against the tuft yarns and place said second shottemporarily at a point behind the hooks, and the reed actuator operativethereafter through the reed to move the third shot as well as the firstand second shots forwardly over the hooks on the same beat of the loomto bend the tuft yarns around the second and third shots.

5. In an Axminster loom having warp threads,

a reed, means to lay three successive shots of filling, a nose boardhaving hooks, means to present tuft yarns between the warps after thefirst shot is laid, means to give the reed two successive short forwardbeating up motions to leave the first two shots and tuft yarns behindthe hooks, and means to give the reed a third long beating up motion tomove all three shots and tuft yarns to positions in front of the hooksto bend the tuft yarns around the second and third shots.

6. In an Axminster loom having warp threads, means to lay threesuccessive shots of filling, a nose board having hooks, a reed, means topresent tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, andmeans to give said reed a cycle of three successive beating up motions,said means effective togive the reed two short beating up motions whichleave the first two shots of filling and tuft yarns behind the hooks,and said means thereafter effective to give the reed a long beatupmotion to move the third shot together with the first and second shotsand tuft yarns to positions in front of the hooks to bend the tuft yarnsaround the second and third shots.

'7. In an Axminster loom having Warp threads, means to lay threesuccessive shots of filling, a nose board having hooks, a reed, means topresent tuft yarns between the warps after the first shot is laid, and aset of three cam elements operatively related to the reed, said setcompleting its cycle of operation in three beats of the loom, each ofthe first two cam elements of the set effective to give the reed a shortbeat-up motion to leave the first and second shots of filling and tuftyarns behind the hooks, and the third cam element to give the reed along beat-up motion to move all three shots of filling and tuft yarns to"positions in front of the hooks to bend the tuft yarns around thesecond and third shots.

8. In an Axminster loom having warp threads, a nose board having hooks,means to lay three successive shots of filling, a reed to beat up theshots of filling, means to present tuft yarns between the warps afterthe first shot is laid, a rotating member completing a revolution everythird beat of the loom, two low cams on said rotating member operativesuccessively to give the reed two short beat-up motions to place thefirst and second shots of filling and tuft yarns behind the hooks, andthe third cam efiective to give the reed a long stroke to move all threeshots of filling and tuft yarns to positions in front of the hooks tobend the tuft yarns around the second or third shots.

9. In an Axminster loom, a nose board having hooks, means to lay threedifferent shots of filling, a reed, means to cause the reed to give thefirst shot of filling a partial beat-up to a position behind the hooks,means to dip tuft forming 5 yarns after the laying of the first shot,means to cause the reed to give the second shot of filling a partialbeat-up to place the same against the tuft yarns and behind the hooks,and additional means operative after the laying of the third shot 10 infront of the hooks and effective in cooperation 15 with the hooks tobend the tuft yarns under and up behind the second and third shots.

EDWARD J. DACEY.

